Research article

MAPPING OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE GENES AND POINT MUTATIONS EXISTENCE WITHIN URO-PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI

Osamah Faisal KOKAZ1,2, Nejdet GÜLTEPE3

Online First: January 28, 2023


Bacteria cause numerous dangerous disorders with multidrug resistance (MDR). These pathogens can live in the gastrointestinal tracts and exchange mobile genetic material. E. coli is an example of concern encountered in clinical laboratories either as an intestinal pathogenic strain or extraintestinal pathogenic bacteria (ExPEC), specifically in urinary-tract infection (UTI) as a global public infection worldwide. Within 30 samples, women (66.66%) were a major source of Uro-Pathogenic E. coli. Routine disc diffusion test exposes resistance against Trimethoprim+Sulphamethoxazole (17) at 56.66%, then Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin (14) at 46.66%. However, (9) 30.00% of Ampicillin/Sulbactam and Cefixime witnessed resistance in 16 antibiotics of different classes. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) as an instrument for investigating the resistance genes within five highly resistant strains, including 19 genes manifest β-Lactamase (blaTEM-1B, blaCTX-M-15, and blaOXA-1) withstand to Cephalosporins in assorted generations. sul1, sul2, and dfrA17, dfrA14 contribute to Trimethoprim and Sulphamethoxazole resistance. Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Fluoroquinolones and Macrolides sustain aph(3”)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aadA5, tet(B), catA1, qnrS1 and mph(A) respectively. Fluoroquinolones are facing mutations inwards gyrA, parC, and parE. Carbapenems are stable in each of these categories. This study's WGS identifies chromosomal point mutations and expansion of Uro-pathogenic E. coli resistance traits.

Keywords

Antibiotics resistance, E. coli, WGS, Urinary tract infection, β-Lactamase.