Research article

INDUCTION OF GENETIC VARIATIONS USING SODIUM AZIDE IN SOME GENOTYPES DERIVED FROM RICE FOR SALINITY TOLERANCE IN VITRO.

Ahmed Ali Abdel Abbas Al Aboudi1*, Abdulkadhim Jawad Musa2 and Majid Sh.Hamdalla3

Online First: March 24, 2023


This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Division of Tissue Culture of the Research Department of Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf , Agricultural Research Office / Iraq. The study aimed to obtain salinity-tolerant genotypes by using sodium azide mutagenesis for some genotypes derived from rice under the influence of salt stress. CRD design was used with three replicates .The seeds of the genotypes (V1, V2, and V3) were mutated with sodium azide at two concentrations (1.5 and 2 mmol) in addition to non-mutation, with the addition of the non-mutagenic cultivar Anbar 33 for control. The seeds were cultured in a nutrient medium to obtain callus, and the callus was transferred to a nutrient medium with a salinity of 150 mmol to obtain a plantlets. After 6 weeks, the samples were taken and analyzed. The results showed the following: Mutagenesis with sodium azide increased potassium, decreased sodium, increased SOD enzyme activity and increased proline content, chlorophyll and carbohydrates. As for the genotypes, the K1 genotype in most traits excelled in increasing the effectiveness of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and in increasing the proline and chlorophyll content compared to the V3 genotype and the Anber33 cultivar. While the V2 genotype, it did not produce plants below the salinity level of 150 mmol. We conclude from this that the V1 genotype is the best salinity-tolerant genotype, due to its excelled in most of the traits through which the plant can resist salinity. As for mutagenesis by increasing sodium, it can be used to increase the content of proline, chlorophyll, and carbohydrates, and to increase some antioxidant enzymes. The best combination for callus induction was 2 mg L-1 of 2,4-D and 0.1 mg L-1 of Kint, while the best combination for plant regeneration was 4 mg L-1 of BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 of NAA.

Keywords

sodium azide, rice, salinity tolerance.