AMOXICILLIN EXPOSURE DISRUPTS HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURES, HEMATOBIOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF MALE DOMESTIC RABBIT (ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS)

Hemato-biochemical and histopathological assessments are important methods to find any physiological malfunctioning of animal body including human for disease diagnosis, treatment and toxicity assessment of any toxicant. Present study was conducted for the evaluation of variation in hematobiochemical parameters and histopathological lesions in different visceral organs of rabbits after amoxicillin treatment. For this purpose, a total of 16 (n=16) male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were purchased from local market and were equally divided into four groups on random basis. After acclimatization period, the rabbits were exposed with different doses of amoxicillin (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days. Hematobiochemical examination showed that total white blood cells, granulocytes, neutrophils, serum globulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, urea and uric acid increased significantly. Whereas, lymphocytes, monocytes, RBCs, hemoglobin, blood sugar, albumin and plasma fibrinogen significantly decreased in amoxicillin treated male rabbit groups (P < 0.05). In present study antioxidant parameter like malondialdehyde concentration and liver enzyme like alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly. Whereas, other antioxidant parameters like peroxidases, catalases, reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase decreased significantly in amoxicillin treated groups. Histopathological examination showed congestion, pulmonary edema, leukocyte infiltration, lungs inflammation, interstitial pneumonia, emphysema, interstitial pneumonia and emphysema in lungs; splenic atrophy, red pulp pigments, fibrosis, neoplastic, splenic necrosis, lymphoid necrosis, red pulp hyperplasia, white pulp hyperplasia and splenomegaly in spleen; vacuolation, atrophic seminiferous tubules, necrotic lumen cells, aggregated spermatozoa, vacuolated seminiferous epithelium and decreased spermatozoa in testis; degenerative epithelium, decreased villus length, villus atrophy, congestion, vacuolation and sloughing of epithelial cells in the intestine of amoxicillin treated male rabbits. In conclusion current study indicates amoxicillin exposure causes disruption in hematobiochemical profile and induces histopathological lesions in amoxicillin treated male rabbits.